Kaletra (Lopinavir/Ritonavir) – What You Need to Know

If you’ve been prescribed Kaletra, you probably have questions about why it’s used, how to take it, and what to expect. Kaletra is a combo of two antiviral drugs – lopinavir and ritonavir – that work together to stop HIV from multiplying. Doctors often add it to a broader HIV regimen to keep the virus under control and protect the immune system.

How Kaletra Works and When It’s Used

Lopinavir is the main antiviral that blocks a key enzyme HIV needs to copy itself. Ritonavir, on the other hand, doesn’t do much fighting on its own, but it slows down the breakdown of lopinavir in the body. This means higher levels of lopinavir stay in your bloodstream, making the treatment more effective. Kaletra is usually given to adults and kids over 14 kg who are starting or changing their HIV therapy. It can also be used in special cases like preventing mother‑to‑baby transmission during pregnancy.

Dosage, Side Effects, and Safety Tips

The standard dose for most adults is two tablets taken twice a day with food. Each tablet contains 100 mg of lopinavir and 25 mg of ritonavir. If you’re on a pediatric dose, your doctor will calculate the amount based on your weight. Stick to the schedule – missing doses can let the virus rebound and may cause resistance.

Common side effects include stomach upset, diarrhea, and a metallic taste. Some people notice headaches or fatigue, especially when they first start the medication. Most issues are mild and go away after a few weeks. If you get severe nausea, persistent vomiting, or yellowing of the skin or eyes, call your doctor right away – these could signal liver problems.

Because ritonavir affects how the liver processes many other drugs, it’s important to check for interactions. Blood thinners, certain cholesterol meds, and some anti‑seizure drugs can clash with Kaletra. Always tell your pharmacist about every prescription, over‑the‑counter product, and supplement you’re taking.

Alcohol isn’t forbidden, but heavy drinking can increase liver strain, making side effects worse. Staying hydrated and eating a balanced diet can help your stomach handle the meds better. If you’re pregnant or planning a pregnancy, discuss the risks and benefits with your provider – Kaletra is generally considered safe, but close monitoring is needed.

Storage is simple: keep the tablets in a dry place at room temperature, away from direct sunlight. If a tablet breaks, you can still take the pieces, but avoid crushing them unless your doctor says it’s okay.

Finally, keep your follow‑up appointments. Your doctor will run blood tests to watch liver function and check that the virus remains suppressed. If you ever feel unsure about a symptom or a new medication, reach out to your healthcare team – they’re there to make the treatment as smooth as possible.

Bottom line: Kaletra is a powerful tool in the fight against HIV when used correctly. Take it with food, follow the dosing schedule, watch for side effects, and stay in touch with your doctor. With those steps, you’ll give yourself the best chance to keep the virus in check and stay healthy.